Mine heat damage refers to the phenomenon where the temperature of the underground working environment is too high, resulting in a harsh working environment for miners, which affects production efficiency and safety. With the increase of mining depth and the improvement of mechanization, thermal hazards have become increasingly prominent, becoming one of the important factors affecting mine safety production. In order to ensure the health and safety of miners, improve production efficiency, and prevent thermal hazards in mines, it is particularly important.
1、 Ventilation and cooling technology
Improving the efficiency of ventilation systems: Ventilation is the basic means of cooling in mines. By designing and optimizing the mine ventilation system reasonably, the underground temperature can be effectively reduced. Specific measures include: increasing air volume: adding ventilation equipment, increasing the total air volume of the mine, increasing the input of fresh air, diluting and eliminating underground heat. Optimize the air path: Reasonably plan the air path to ensure that fresh air can be evenly distributed to various working faces and avoid the occurrence of local high temperature areas. Increase wind speed: Appropriately increase wind speed to accelerate the discharge of heat underground.
Using a cold air fan: Install a cold air fan in the mine ventilation system to cool the air and reduce the temperature underground. The air cooler can use refrigerant or water to cool down and send the processed cold air into the mine, effectively controlling the temperature underground.
2、 Refrigeration and cooling technology
Air refrigeration technology: Air refrigeration technology uses refrigeration equipment to cool the underground air, and then delivers the cooled air to the working face. This method can directly reduce the temperature of the working face and has a good effect. Common air refrigeration equipment includes air coolers and refrigeration units.
Water cooling technology: Water cooling technology uses cooling water to remove heat from the underground air through a heat exchanger. The specific measures include: water spray cooling: setting up a spray system underground, directly cooling by spraying cold water, water evaporation and heat absorption effect is obvious, which can quickly reduce the air temperature. Cooling water circulation system: Establish a cooling water circulation system, which takes away the heat underground through a heat exchanger, and then transports the cooling water back to the surface for cooling.
3、 Thermal barrier technology
Thermal shielding materials: Thermal shielding materials are used in mines to isolate high-temperature areas and working faces, reducing heat transfer. Common heat shielding materials include insulation boards, insulation coatings, and insulation fabrics. These materials can effectively block thermal radiation and reduce the working surface temperature.
Cooling channel: Set up a cooling channel in the mine to isolate and cool the heat source through cooling water or cold air. The cooling channel can effectively prevent heat from spreading to the working surface and improve the comfort of the working environment.
4、 Personal protective technology
Personal protective equipment: Equipping miners with appropriate protective equipment can effectively reduce the impact of high temperatures on the human body. Common personal protective equipment includes: cooling vest: a vest with a built-in cooling system that reduces the surface temperature of miners by circulating coolant. Cooling helmet: The helmet is equipped with a built-in cooling device, providing head cooling protection. Protective suit: A protective suit made of thermal insulation materials to reduce the impact of thermal radiation on miners.
Heatstroke prevention and cooling measures: In high-temperature environments, taking appropriate measures to prevent heatstroke and cool down can effectively protect the health of miners. Specific measures include: increasing rest time: when working in high temperature environments, increase rest time to avoid prolonged exposure to high temperatures. Supplementing with water and electrolytes: Provide sufficient drinking water and electrolyte drinks to prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Adjusting homework time: Reasonably arrange homework time and avoid working during periods of high temperature throughout the day.
5、 New Materials and New Technology Applications
New insulation materials: With the development of materials science, new insulation materials are widely used in the prevention and control of thermal hazards in mines. For example, nano thermal insulation materials have thermal insulation performance and high temperature resistance, which can improve the thermal shielding effect.
Intelligent monitoring and control system: By utilizing modern information technology, an intelligent monitoring and control system is established to monitor parameters such as mine temperature and humidity in real time, and automatically adjust the operating status of ventilation, refrigeration and other equipment based on data, ensuring the comfort and safety of the mine environment.
Heat pump technology: Heat pump technology increases the heat from low-temperature heat sources to high-temperature heat sources for heating and cooling in mines. Heat pump technology has the characteristics of high efficiency and energy conservation, and has broad application prospects in the prevention and control of thermal hazards in mines.
The prevention and control of thermal hazards in mines is an important task to ensure the safety of mine production and the health of miners. By utilizing various means such as ventilation cooling, refrigeration cooling, thermal barriers, personal protection, and new materials and technologies, the temperature of the mine can be effectively controlled, and the comfort and safety of the working environment can be improved.
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